Introduction
Penthiopyrad 99% TC is a novel pyrazole-carboxamide fungicide belonging to the SDHI group (FRAC Group 7). It was discovered by Mitsui Chemicals in 1996 (development code MTF-753) and co-developed with DuPont, and is the tenth SDHI fungicide launched after carboxin. Unlike earlier SDHIs, which mainly target basidiomycetes, penthiopyrad also controls key ascomycete pathogens - powdery mildew, gray mold and scab - and is therefore widely recommended where resistance to other fungicide groups has already developed.
As a high-purity technical material appearing as a white to light-yellow crystalline powder, penthiopyrad inhibits succinate dehydrogenase (respiratory complex II) in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. This blocks the tricarboxylic acid cycle and cuts off the pathogen's energy supply, stopping spore germination and mycelial growth and reducing sporulation. The compound is a racemate; the (S)-enantiomer carries the main fungicidal activity. It has preventive, curative, and locally systemic (penetrant) activity.
The 99% TC technical material is intended for industrial formulation into commercial products such as suspension concentrates (SC), emulsifiable concentrates (EC), water-dispersible granules (WG), and seed/in-furrow treatments (FS). Commercial benchmarks include Fontelis® (200 g/L SC), Vertisan® (EC), Velista® (WG for turf) and Treoris® (premix with chlorothalonil). The compound patent expired in 2016, making it an established generic active ingredient, registered today in Japan (first launch 2009), the USA (EPA 2012), Canada, Australia and China (2019). It is no longer approved in the European Union- see the EU regulatory note below.
EU regulatory note: penthiopyrad was approved in the EU from 1 May 2014 to 31 October 2025. No renewal application was submitted, so the approval lapsed and the substance was formally deleted from the EU list of approved active substances by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2026/1154, in force since 18 June 2026. This is a non-renewal on procedural grounds, not a safety-based ban - the EU toxicological reference values (ADI 0.1 mg/kg bw/day, ARfD 0.75 mg/kg bw) are unchanged. In practice, however, EU market access has ended: no new or renewed authorisations can be issued, distributors must stop placing penthiopyrad products on the EU market, and the Commission is expected to lower the EU MRLs to 0.01–0.05 mg/kg. Do not plan EU registrations or EU-bound produce programmes around this active ingredient.
Products Detail
| Common Name | Penthiopyrad |
| Technical Grade | 99% TC (Technical Concentrate) |
| CAS Number |
183675-82-3 |
| Molecular Formula |
C16H20F3N3OS |
| Molecular Weight |
359.4 g/mol |
| IUPAC Name |
(RS)-N-[2-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-3-thienyl]-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazole-4-carboxamide |
| Appearance |
White to light-yellow crystalline powder |
| Density |
1.256 g/cm³ at 20 °C |
| Melting Point |
103–105 °C (technical); 108.7 °C (pure active ingredient) |
| Boiling Point |
No boiling before decomposition; decomposition above 250 °C |
| Vapor Pressure |
6.43 × 10⁻³ mPa at 25 °C (6.43 × 10⁻⁶ Pa) |
| Water Solubility |
7.53 mg/L at 20 °C (1.38 mg/L at pH 7); readily soluble in acetone (410–557 g/L), dichloromethane (531 g/L), methanol (402 g/L), ethyl acetate (349 g/L), toluene (67 g/L); n-hexane 0.75 g/L |
| Stability |
Stable at pH 4, 7 and 9 at 50 °C; photostable in water; stable under normal storage conditions and suitable for industrial formulation |
| Acute Oral LD50 | >2000 mg/kg for rats (low acute toxicity classification) |
| Skin & Eye |
Not irritating to skin or eyes; classified as a skin sensitiser - PPE and closed handling recommended; no evidence of reproductive toxicity, teratogenicity or genotoxicity at relevant doses |
| ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) |
0–0.1 mg/kg bw/day (JMPR 2011; EU 2014); ARfD 1 mg/kg bw (JMPR) / 0.75 mg/kg bw (EU); AOEL 0.1 mg/kg bw/day |
| Ecotoxicity |
Toxic to aquatic organisms - fish acute 145 μg/L, Daphnia acute 29.8 μg/L, algae >2.1 mg/L; toxic to bees by contact. Observe buffer zones, never spray over water and avoid application during flowering |
| Target Diseases |
Apple scab (Venturia inaequalis), pear brown spot (Stemphylium vesicarium), powdery mildew, gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), Sclerotinia white mold, Rhizoctonia (potato black scurf/stem canker, sugar beet root rot), rust, rice sheath blight, turf dollar spot and brown patch |
Product Feature and Application
As a 99% technical concentrate, penthiopyrad provides broad-spectrum, resistance-breaking activity against ascomycete and basidiomycete pathogens with preventive, curative, and locally systemic action. It stops spore germination, inhibits mycelial growth and suppresses sporulation, which reduces the secondary inoculum that drives an epidemic.
Typical foliar use rates are 150–350 g a.i./ha depending on crop and disease pressure (the former EU label in pome fruit, valid until October 2025, was 150 g a.i./ha - equivalent to 0.75 L/ha of a 200 g/L SC; US labels: 0.21–0.31 lb a.i./acre, about 235–347 g/ha). Turf uses range up to approximately 1.06 kg a.i./ha. Seed and in-furrow applications are used against Rhizoctonia and other soil-borne pathogens in cereals, sugar beet, oilseed rape and potatoes.
Penthiopyrad can be used alone or in mixture and rotation programmes with fungicides of different FRAC groups (DMI, QoI, amines, MBC, chlorothalonil) to broaden the control spectrum and to slow down the selection of SDHI-resistant strains.
This 99% TC technical material is intended for industrial formulation into end-use products including:
SC (Suspension Concentrate) - the standard 200 g/L formulation for foliar use
EC (Emulsifiable Concentrate) - for field crops and in-furrow application
WG (Water-Dispersible Granules) - turf and high-humidity markets
FS / in-furrow treatment - seed-borne and soil-borne disease protection
Its favourable solubility profile, high melting point stability in formulation and good compatibility make it a practical raw material for modern SDHI fungicide production.
Target Crops & Diseases
(1)Apple – Scab (Venturia inaequalis)
Key benefits in pome fruits:
Strong preventive and curative activity against apple scab and pear brown spot
Stops sporulation, reducing the secondary inoculum that drives epidemics
Excellent partner for DMI and QoI fungicides in anti-resistance programmes
(2)Grape – Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea)
Key benefits in grapes:
Effective control of gray mold at flowering and before bunch closure
Suppresses sporulation and limits spread from berry to berry inside the bunch
No cross-resistance with DMI, QoI, or anilinopyrimidine fungicides
A valuable rotation partner in vineyards where Botrytis resistance to older chemistry is established.
(1)Strawberry – Powdery Mildew (Podosphaera aphanis)
Key benefits in strawberries:
Controls powdery mildew on leaves, flowers and fruit in protected and open-field production
Protects fruit quality and reduces downgrading at harvest
Locally systemic movement protects new growth between sprays
Penthiopyrad also controls gray mold in strawberries, allowing a single active to cover both key diseases in one programme.
(4)Turfgrass – Dollar Spot (Clarireedia homoeocarpa)
Key benefits in turf:
Effective control of dollar spot and brown patch on golf greens, tees and fairways
SDHI mode of action for rotation with DMI and nitrile fungicides
Supports reduced-risk programmes on high-maintenance turf
Registered for turf as a WG formulation in the USA (Velista®).
Product Qualification
- Production qualification：The production workshop complies with Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) standards for pesticides and is equipped with professional raw material testing and finished. Each batch of products undergoes multiple quality control tests.
- Relative Documents：Third-party authoritative testing institutions shall issue reports ,including GLP five-batches;GLP Physical and Chemical;GLP Toxicology.
- Production capacity：With standardized production lines and comprehensive process control, we ensure stable batch supply of products.
Frequently Asked Questions
A. Is penthiopyrad still approved in the EU, and can my product be sold there?
No - and this is the point most often got wrong about this molecule in Europe. Penthiopyrad was approved in the EU from 1 May 2014, but the approval was not renewed: no renewal dossier was submitted, so it expired on 31 October 2025 and the substance was deleted from Part B, entry 57 of the EU approved list by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2026/1154, in force on 18 June 2026.
It is a non-renewal, not a ban on safety grounds. There was no failure against the EU cut-off criteria and no change to the toxicological reference values (ADI 0.1 mg/kg bw/day, ARfD 0.75 mg/kg bw, AOEL 0.1 mg/kg bw/day, from the 2014 approval). The commercial consequence is nevertheless the same: no new or renewed product authorisations can be issued, distributors must stop placing penthiopyrad products on the EU market, and Member States are withdrawing existing authorisations with short grace periods for disposing of stock.
What this means for your project: do not fund an EU dossier for penthiopyrad, and do not build an EU-bound crop programme on it. Existing EU MRLs (apples 0.5, pears 0.5, strawberries 3, tomatoes 2, cucumbers 0.7 mg/kg) remain in force for now, but the Commission is expected to lower them to 0.01–0.05 mg/kg, so confirm the limit in force before each season. Markets where the active substance is registered and fully supported - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Australia and several Latin American and Asian countries - are the realistic destinations for this technical material.
B. Why choose penthiopyrad instead of boscalid, fluopyram or a DMI?
• vs boscalid - penthiopyrad also controls powdery mildew and has stronger antisporulant activity on Botrytis and scab
• vs fluopyram - broader foliar disease spectrum and a longer registration history in fruit and vegetables
• vs DMI (tebuconazole, difenoconazole) - a different site of action, so it works on DMI-shifted populations and carries no sterol-biosynthesis resistance risk
• vs QoI (azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin) - unaffected by G143A-type resistance
• One active ingredient covering scab, powdery mildew, gray mold, Rhizoctonia and turf diseases, with the compound patent expired since 2016
C. What are the storage conditions, shelf life and supply security?
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse below 35 °C, away from direct sunlight and moisture, with containers kept tightly sealed. Shelf life is 24 months in the unopened original packaging; re-test before use after long storage.
Supply is based on a standardized production line with full process control and batch traceability. For annual contracts we reserve capacity in advance - please share your forecast so that we can hold stock and fix the price basis.
D. What level of efficacy, speed and persistence can we expect?
The compound is preventive with curative and locally systemic activity: it blocks succinate dehydrogenase, cutting the pathogen's energy supply and stopping spore germination and mycelial growth, and it suppresses sporulation so that infected tissue releases far fewer conidia.
• Foliar rate: 150–350 g a.i./ha depending on crop and pressure (former EU pome-fruit label 150 g a.i./ha; US labels 0.21–0.31 lb a.i./acre)
• Residual effect: typically 7–14 days; re-apply according to the label interval and growth stage
• Curative window: best within 24–72 h of infection, before symptoms appear
• Rainfastness: good once the deposit has dried
E. Which formulation types and loadings are commercially proven?
• SC 200 g/L - the standard foliar formulation (Fontelis® benchmark)
• EC - field crops, cereals, oilseed rape and in-furrow use (Vertisan®)
• WG - turf and high-humidity markets (Velista®)
• Premix with chlorothalonil - potato and cucurbit programmes (Treoris®)
• FS / in-furrow - seed-borne and soil-borne disease protection
Loadings above 250 g/L in SC are possible but require careful dispersant selection; we recommend starting at 200 g/L, which matches the commercial benchmark and the existing residue data.
F. In which countries is penthiopyrad already registered?
• Japan - first launch by Mitsui Chemicals (vegetables, fruit, turf)
• USA - EPA registration in 2012 (Fontelis®, Vertisan®, Velista®, Treoris®)
• EU - approved from 1 May 2014, expired on 31 October 2025 and formally deleted from the EU approved list on 18 June 2026 (no renewal application submitted); products can no longer be placed on the EU market
• China - Mitsui registered the 99% TC and a 20% SC in 2019 (tomato grey mould, cucumber powdery mildew, grape grey mould); domestic mixtures have been approved since 2025
• Other markets - Canada, Australia, Latin America and Asia: status varies, please confirm your destination before contracting
A broad registration base means efficacy, residue and toxicology data already exist in most markets, which shortens your own dossier work considerably.
G. Is the product still under patent? Can it be registered as a generic?
No - the compound patent expired in 2016 (China: 10 April 2016), so penthiopyrad is available as a generic active ingredient in most markets, with registrations already granted to several suppliers.
Formulation and process patents held by third parties may still apply in individual countries. We supply technical material only; customers are responsible for a freedom-to-operate check in their own market, and we can share the manufacturing route summary under NDA.
H. What are your MOQ, packaging, lead time and payment terms?
Standard commercial terms for Penthiopyrad 99% TC:
• MOQ: 25 kg (one drum) for trial evaluation; 1000 kg for commercial shipments
• Lead time: 7–15 working days for stock, 15–20 working days for production orders
• Payment: T/T 30% deposit + 70% against B/L copy; L/C for orders above USD 50,000 or discussion by each order.
A 100 g sample is provided free of charge and is dispatched within 7 working days.
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